Do solar panels contain PFAS?

Abstract/Summary:

This perspective examined claims about PFAS in solar panels using the available scientific evidence. We found that while certain fluoropolymers are used in photovoltaic manufacturing, they are not appropriately classified as toxic PFAS. Mischaracterizing fluoropolymers as hazardous PFAS may unnecessarily undermine public confidence in photovoltaic sustainability.

The presence and potential leaching of PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) from solar panels are increasingly mentioned in news articles, raising public concerns. Such concerns may slow the adoption of photovoltaic (PV) technology, despite its central role in the renewable energy sector. The limited transparency from manufacturers about fluorinated materials used in PV modules, along with the scarcity of publicly available testing data, contributes to uncertainty and speculation. This perspective aims to clarify the current state of PFAS presence in solar PV. Although certain fluoropolymers are used in PV manufacturing, the scientific consensus on their toxicity indicates they should not be classified as PFAS. Portraying fluoropolymers as toxic PFAS unnecessarily amplifies concerns and unfairly undermines the perceived environmental sustainability of PV technology.